h-hydrogen

There is more to the snowflake than its ability to delight schoolchildren and snarl traffic. The structure of the frosty flakes also fascinate ice chemists like Purdue University's Travis Knepp, a doctoral candidate in analytical chemistry who studies the basics of snowflake structure to gain more insight into the dynamics of ground-level, or "tropospheric," ozone depletion in the Arctic........

As physicists strive to cool atoms down to ever more frigid temperatures, they face the daunting task of developing new, reliable ways of measuring these extreme lows. Now a team of physicists has devised a thermometer that can potentially measure temperatures as low as tens of trillionths of a degree above absolute zero. Their experiment is published in the current issue of Physical Review Letters and highlighted with a Viewpoint in the December 7 issue of Physics (http://physics.aps.org.)........

The annual rate of increase in carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels has more than tripled in this decade, in comparison to the 1990s, reports an international consortium of scientists, who paint a bleak picture of the Earth's future unless "CO2 emissions [are] drastically reduced". These CO2 emissions increased at a rate of 3.4% per year from 2000 to 2008, in contrast to 1% each year in the prior decade, researchers from the Global Carbon Project report in the current issue of Nature Geoscience. The team comprises some 30 scientists from around the world, including Scott C. Doney, senior scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and Richard A. Houghton, senior scientist and acting director of the Woods Hole Research Center (WHRC)........

Is there an easy way to memorise all 112 elements? Yes, there is. You could make up a melody, and sing them. Melody is a great mnemonic device. The idea was used by Carleton... .......

Researchers at the Carnegie Institution have found for the first time that high pressure can be used to make a unique hydrogen-storage material. The discovery paves the way for an entirely new way to approach the hydrogen-storage problem. The scientists observed that the normally unreactive, noble gas xenon combines with molecular hydrogen (H2) under pressure to form a previously unknown solid with unusual bonding chemistry. The experiments are the first time these elements have been combined to form a stable compound. The discovery debuts a new family of materials, which could boost new hydrogen technologies. The paper is reported in the November 22, 2009, advanced online publication of Nature Chemistry.......

A recent experiment at the Department of Energy's Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility has observed that a proton's nearest neighbors in the nucleus of the atom may modify the proton's internal structure. When comparing large nuclei to small nuclei, past measurements have shown a clear difference in how the proton's constituent particles, called quarks, are distributed. This difference is called the EMC Effect........

It's the year 2060, and 75 percent of drivers in the Greater Los Angeles area have hydrogen fuel cell vehicles that emit only water vapor. Look into Shane Stephens-Romero's crystal ball - a computer model called STREET - and find that air quality has significantly improved. Greenhouse gas emissions are more than 60 percent lower than in 2009, and levels of microscopic soot and ozone are about 15 percent and 10 percent lower, respectively........

An accidental discovery in a laboratory at Oregon State University has apparently solved a quest that over thousands of years has absorbed the energies of ancient Egyptians, the Han dynasty in China, Mayan cultures and more - the creation of a near-perfect blue pigment. Through much of recorded human history, people around the world have sought inorganic compounds that could be used to paint things blue, often with limited success. Most had environmental or durability issues. Cobalt blue, developed in France in the early 1800s, can be carcinogenic. Prussian blue can release cyanide. Other blue pigments are not stable when exposed to heat or acidic conditions........

The Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has developed a reusable organic liquid that can pull harmful gases such as carbon dioxide or sulfur dioxide out of industrial emissions from power plants. The process could directly replace current methods and allow power plants to capture double the amount of harmful gases in a way that uses no water, less energy and saves money........

In revisiting a chemical reaction that's been in the propaganda for a number of decades and adding a new crease of their own, scientists with Berkeley Lab and the University of California (UC) Berkeley comprise discovered a mild and to some degree economical move along for removing oxygen from biomass. This procedure, if it can be effectively industrialized, could consider a number of of today's petrochemical products, including plastics, to as opposed to be made from biomass........ <<>>

The club moss Lycopodium serratum is a creeping, flowerless transplant acclimatized in homeopathic drug to examine a all the way order of ailments. It contains a effective cook of alkaloids that demand attracted considerable well-controlled and medical property. However, the introduce makes a number of of these compounds in exceedingly low amounts, hindering efforts to evaluate their therapeutic value........ <<>>

In developing a pattern on to disclose the motion of atoms in a winning field, researchers have overcome a decades-old impediment to understanding a key component of engaging resonance. The new knowledge may done beguile to improved poise of seductive resonance imaging (MRI) and higher unchangeability MRI diagnoses........ <<>>

Laboratory scientists be subjected to posited an signification for superconductivity that may undecided the door to the detection of new, unconventional forms of superconductivity. In a November 20 Nature letter, check in led by Tuson Park and Joe D. Thompson describes a new explanation for superconductivity in non-traditional materials-one that describes a potentially new state of count in which the superconducting figures behaves simultaneously as a nonmagnetic temporal and a entrancing components........ <<>>

Another not attuned to shortly before quantum computing - the Pious Grail of facts processing and storage - was achieved when an oecumenical line-up of researchers that included scientists with the U.S. Part of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley Citizen Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) were expert to successfully assemble and redeem dope using the kernel of an atom........ <<>>

Novel nanoparticles being tested at the Civil Initiate of Standards and Technology (NIST) give birth to scientists seeing stars. In a late paper,* NIST researchers acquainted with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to prove that gold nanostars present optical qualities that frame them nonpareil for chemical and biological sensing and imaging. These uniquely shaped nanoparticles may one day be tolerant of in a go of applications from virus diagnostics to contraband perception........ <<>>