Hydrogen Production
Hydrogen Production
Industrial syntheses of Hydrogen
1. By electrolysis of salts water solution:
2NaCl + 2H2O => H2 + 2NaOH + Cl2
2. From water by hot carbon when steam is passed over red-hot coke at a temperature 1000°C
H2O + C => H2 + CO
3. From of natural gas by the steam conversion
CH4 + H2O => CO + 3H2 (1000°C)
From of natural gas by bycatalytic oxidation
2CH4 + O2 => 2CO + 4H2
4. By hydrocarbons cracking and reforming in petroleum refining
Laboratory syntheses of Hydrogen:
1.by the reaction of dilute acids on metals, such as zinc and hydrochloride acid
Zn + 2HCl => ZnCl2 + H2
2.By the reaction of calcium and water
Ca + 2H2O = Ca(OH)2 + H2
3.By hydrolysis of hydrides
NaH + H2O = NaOH + H2
4.Reaction between alkali and zinc or aluminum
2Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O => 2Na[Al(OH)4] + 3H2
Zn + 2KOH + 2H2O => K2[Zn(OH)4] + H2
5.From alkali or acids water solutions using the process of electrolysis during which hydrogen forms at the cathode
2H3O+ + 2e- = H2 + 2H2O